For the Hindus, to visit the holy places is an act of great religious merit. Throughout India there are centres of pilgrimage, some of them very holy, others less so. Great emphasis is laid on visiting the holy places (yatra) once in a life-time for the attainment of salvation. Four of the holy places have been established by Adi Shankaracharya (a saint) and it signifies a farsightedness of vision towards national integration as they are situated at the four corners of India, making the devotees criss-cross the country.
Benares:- is the most sacred among the holy places. Also known as Varanasi and Kashi, it is the city of Shiva, having over two thousand temples and over half a million idols, most of them dedicated to Shiva and his family. It is situated on the banks of the holy river Ganga.
Mathura:- on the banks of Jamuna, near Agra, is the birth place of Krishna. The atmosphere of Mathura is in direct contrast to that of Benares. Mathura represents the religion of the living, while Benaras emphasizes the permanence of death.
Dwaraka:- in Gujarat is another important shrine. It was the capital of Krishna’s kingdom and has some very important temples devoted to hit. The city is located on the Western coast of India.
Puri:- in Orissa has the Jagannath temple which attracts pilgrims from all over India. It has an idol considered to be a manifestation of Krishna. The temple, containing idols of Balarama and Subhadra (sister of Krishna), is on the Eastern corner of India.
Rameswaram:- from where Rama is said to have launched his attack on Lanka is in the extreme south of India. Rama is said to have installed a Shiva lingam here; hence the place is sacred to both Shaivas (Shiva worshippers) and Vaishnavas (Vishnu worshippers).
Gaya:- on the Ganges, once a stronghold of the Buddhists, is for the Hindus connected with the death ceremonies of ancestors for which they visit the place. After the rituals are performed at Gaya the soul of the dead is supposed to attain salvation.
Ujjain:- It is called the navel of earth. It has the famous temples of Ganesha and Kal-Bhairav. During the time of Vikramaditya it used to be the capital of India. Two parts of the Skanda-Purana were said to have been written here.
Haridwar:- It is another very important holy city of India. It is at the foothills of the Himalayas and is the place where the Ganga enters the plains. It is also called the ‘gateway of the Ganga’.
Other important holy places are; Ayodhya (Rama’s capital), Kanchi (Conjeevaram), Kedarnath, Somnath, Amarnath and Kamakhya.
Here is a list of some of important kings who ruled Sri Krishna Dwaraka, according to the Ancient Indian History, with the number of years ruling.
Chandragupta Mourya 330-298 B.C. 32 years.
Bindusar 298-273 B.C. 25 years.
Ashok 273-232 B.C. 41 years.
Pushyamitra Shunga 190-149 B.C. 41 years.
Chandragupta Gupta 308-330 A.D. 22 years.
Samudragupta 330-375 A.D. 45 years.
Vikramaditya 375-414 A.D. 39 years.
Kumargupta 414-455 A.D. 41 years.
Harsha 606-647 A.D. 41 years.
Total ---------327 years.
The average is 327/9 = 36.3 years.
Multiplying 138 generations by 35 years we get 4830 years before Chandragupta Mourya. Adding Chandrgupta's date 320 B.C. to 4830 we get 5150 B.C. as the date of Lord Krishna.
Megasthenis, according to Arian, has written that between Sandrocotus to Dianisaum 153 generations and 6042 years passed. From this data, we get the average of 39.5 years per king. From this we can calculate 5451 years for 138generations. So Krishna must have been around 5771 B.C.
Pliny gives 154 generations and 6451 years between Bacchus and Alexander. This Bacchus may be the famous Bakasura who was killed by Bhimasena. This periodcomes to about 6771 years B.C.
Thus Mahabharata period ranges from 5000 B.C. to 6000 B.C. and Dwarka fits into this scenario perfectly.
Mahabharata mentions the ancient tradition as 'Shravanadini Nakshatrani',i.e., Shravan Nakshatra was given the first place in the Nakshatra- cycle (Adi-71/34and Ashvamedh 44/2) Vishwamitra started counting the Nakshatras from Shravan when he created 'Prati Srushti'. He was angry with the old customs. So he started some new customs. Before Vishvamitra's time Nakshatras were counted from the one which was occupied by the sun on the Vernal Equinox.
Vishvamitra changed this fashion and used diagonally opposite point i.e.Autumnal Equinox to list the Nakshtras. He gave first place to Shravan which was atthe Autumnal Equinox then. The period of Shravan Nakshatra on autumnal equinoxis from 6920 to 7880 years B.C. This was Vishvamitra's period at the end of Tretayuga. Mahabharat War took place at the end of Dwapar yuga. Subtracting the span of Dwapar Yuga of 2400 years we get 7880 - 2400 = 5480 B.C. as the date of Mahabharat War.
Read more interesting stories...about mahabharath ...
1. Om. O Bhagavad Gita, with which Partha was illumined by Lord Narayana Himself, and which was composed within the Mahabharata by the ancient sage, Vyasa, O Divine Mother, the destroyer of rebirth, the showerer of the nectar of Advaita, and consisting of eighteen discourses—upon Thee, O Gita, O affectionate Mother, I meditate!
Namostu te vyaasa vishaalabuddhe phullaaravindaayatapatranetra;
2. Salutations unto thee, O Vyasa, of broad intellect and with eyes like the petals of a full-blown lotus, by whom the lamp of knowledge, filled with the oil of the Mahabharata, has been lighted!
Prapannapaarijaataaya totravetraikapaanaye;
Jnaanamudraaya krishnaaya geetaamritaduhe namah.
3. Salutations to Lord Krishna, the Parijata or the Kalpataru or the bestower of all desires for those who take refuge in Him, the holder of the whip in one hand, the holder of the symbol of divine knowledge and the milker of the divine nectar of the Bhagavad Gita!
4. All the Upanishads are the cows; the milker is Krishna; the cowherd boy, Partha (Arjuna), is the calf; men of purified intellect are the drinkers; the milk is the great nectar of the Gita.
Vasudevasutam devam kamsachaanooramardanam;
Devakeeparamaanandam krishnam vande jagadgurum.
5. I salute Sri Krishna, the world-teacher, son of Vasudeva, the destroyer of Kamsa and Chanura, the supreme bliss of Devaki!
6. With Kesava as the helmsman, verily was crossed by the Pandavas the battle-river, whose banks were Bhishma and Drona, whose water was Jayadratha, whose blue lotus was the king of Gandhara, whose crocodile was Salya, whose current was Kripa, whose billow was Karna, whose terrible alligators were Vikarna and Asvatthama, whose whirlpool was Duryodhana.
7. May this lotus of the Mahabharata, born in the lake of the words of Vyasa, sweet with the fragrance of the meaning of the Gita, with many stories as its stamens, fully opened by the discourses of Hari, the destroyer of the sins of Kali, and drunk joyously by the bees of good men in the world, become day by day the bestower of good to us!
Mookam karoti vaachaalam pangum langhayate girim;
Yatkripaa tamaham vande paramaanandamaadhavam.
8. I salute that Madhava, the source of supreme bliss, whose Grace makes the dumb eloquent and the cripple cross mountains!
Yasyaantam na viduh suraasuraganaa devaaya tasmai namah.
9. Salutations to that God whom Brahma, Indra, Varuna, Rudra and the Maruts praise with divine hymns, of whom the Sama-chanters sing by the Vedas and their Angas (in the Pada and Krama methods), and by the Upanishads; whom the Yogis see with their minds absorbed in Him through meditation, and whose ends the hosts of Devas and Asuras know not!
Mahabharata was not a fictional epic but a reality is also evident from the works of many scholars who have done extensive work in this area, and by getting all the facts together what comes out of the whole is the fact that the near about exact dates of the major happenings in the epic has also been identified. This at least proves that the Vedic civilization is a much older phenomenon than perceived by many westerns scholars till date
There is a striking inscription which has been found in the Jain Temple at Aihole prepared by one Chalky King Pulakeshi. It says, according to scholars, that the temple was constructed in 30+3000+700+5 = 3735 years, after the Bharat War and 50+6+500 = 556 years of Shaka era in Kali era. Today Shaka era is 1910.Hence 1910- 556 = 1354 years ago the temple was constructed. Thus the year of inscribing this note is 634 AD. At this time 3735 years had passed from the Bharat War. So the date of the War comes to 3101 BC. This is also the date of Kali Yuga Commencement. Naturally, it is evident that relying on the beginning of Kaliyuga Era and holding that the War took place just before the commencement of Kaliyuga
The verses has been interpreted by considering the clauses of the verse. It says"3030 years from the Bharat War" in the first line, ( Trinshatsu Trisahasreshu Bhaaratdahavaaditaha) where the first clause of the sentence ends. in the secondline, the second clause starts and runs up to the middle of the third linethus ( Saptabda.....Kalaukale) This means 700+5+50 = 755 years passed in the Kali Era. It is clear from the former portion of the verse that 3030 years passed from the Bharat War and 755 years passed from Kali Era. Kali Era started from 3101 BC.755 years have passed so 3101-755 = 2346 BC is the year when 3030 years had passed from the Bharat War. So 2346+3030 = 5376 BC appears to be the date of Bharat War.
The Greek Ambassador Magasthenis has recorded that 138 generations have passed between Krishna and Chandragupta Maurya. Many scholars have taken this evidence, but taking only 20 years per generation they fixed the date of Krishna as2760 years before Chandragupta. But this is wrong because the record is not of ordinary people to take 20 years per generation. In the matter of general public, one says that when a son is born a new generation starts. But in the case of kings, the name is included in the list of Royal Dynasty only after his coronation to the throne.Hence, one cannot allot 20 years to one king. We have to find out the average per king by calculating on various Indian Dynasties. I have considered 60 kings from various dynasties and calculated the average of each king as 35 years.
Bhagavad-Gita Trust is freely offering this presentation of Srimad Bhagavad-Gita to the Earth as a gift to humanity.
It is our humble but earnest request that this information be made
easily available to every culture in this world. The knowledge found
within the Bhagavad-Gita is incomparable as it gives specific
information regarding the purpose of human existence, the immortality of
the soul and our eternal relationship with God.
This information
applies to each and every one of us without exception. Without
realization of our divine relationship with the God it is impossible to
establish our eternal relationship with Him. This divine relationship
is our natural constitutional position and
every human beings birthright.
There are three paths which lead directly to establishing a relationship
with God. According to the authority of Bhagavad-Gita these paths have
been designated
as the yoga of perfect actions, the yoga of perfect devotion and the
yoga of perfect knowledge.
These three paths with great care and
attention have been fully explained in the Bhagavad-Gita which
comprises chapters 23 through 40 in the Bhishma-Parva section of
Mahabharata.
The Bhagavad-Gita consists of 18 chapters. Each chapter is called a
yoga. Yoga is the science of the individual consciousness attaining
communion with the Ultimate Consciousness. So each chapter is a highly
specialized yoga revealing the path of attaining realization of the
Ultimate Truth.
Lord Krishna spoke the Bhagavad-Gita on the battlefield of Kuruksetra in
3102 B.C.; just prior to the commencement of the Mahabharata war. This
date corresponds to 1700 years before Moses, 2500 years before Buddha,
3000 years before Jesus and 3800 years before Mohammed. So first and
foremost it should be clearly understood that the eternal knowledge of
the Bhagavad-Gita has not been influenced by Buddhism, Christianity,
Hebrewism or Islam; for these religions did not exist at that time and
were established milleniums later.
That proof of the date 3102 B.C. can be verified by any knowledgeable
indologist in India based on the fact that this was the year when the
Pandava King Yudhisthira ascended the throne and was coronated as
emperor of the Earth. Also according to the Aihole inscription of
Pulakesin II, the Battle of Kuruksetra took place in 3102 B.C. with Lord
Krishna reciting the Bhagavad-Gita before its commencement.
As well
precise information of the positions of the constellation at the
commencement of the Battle of Kuruksetra have been given in the great
historical epic Mahabharata itself, which is based on the 26,920 year
astronomical cycle known as the precession of the equinoxes which is the
time it takes our solar system to revolve around the central sun.
But who exactly is Lord Krishna? Is He Narayana? Is He Vishnu? Is He
Vasudeva as referred to in the Taittirya Aranyaka 10.1. 6 ? In the
Bhagavad-Gita the Supreme Lord Krishna is addressed by Arjuna with 41
different names. Some of these names are Acyuta, Bhagavan, Govinda,
Hari, Isvara, Janardana, Kesava, Madhava, Purusottama and Yogesvara as
well as Vasudeva and Vishnu. Although Lord Krishna possesses unlimited
names due to His unlimited attributes and potencies it should be clearly
understood that the Krishna who is so wonderfully presented in the
Puranas is one and the same Krishna who spoke the Bhagavad-Gita and is
so marvelously glorified in the Mahabharata.
It should be understood that the Bhagavad-Gita is the very essence of
Mahabharata. The Bhagavad-Gita literally translates as the Song of God!
It was originally revealed in the classical language of Sanskrit spoken
on the Indian sub-continent. It was first translated into English in
1785 by Charles Wilkins. It was translated into Latin in 1823 by
Schlegel, into German in 1826 by Von Humbolt, into French in 1846 by
Lassens and into Greek in 1848 by Galanos. By now it has been translated
into all the major languages of the world such as Russian, Chinese,
Japanese, Spanish, Italian, Dutch, Hebrew, Portugese, Arabic, Telugu,Tamil, Hindi, and
Bengali.
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The birth of Krishna
is in itself a transcendental phenomenon that generates awe among the
Hindus and overwhelms one and all with its supra mundane happenings.
Mother
Earth, unable to bear the burden of sins committed by evil kings and
rulers, appealed to Brahma, the Creator for help. Brahma prayed to the
Supreme Lord Vishnu, who assured him that he would soon be born on earth
to annihilate tyrannical forces.
One such evil force
was Kamsa, the ruler of Mathura (in northern India) and his people were
utterly terrified of him. On the day Kamsa's sister Devaki was married
off to Vasudeva, an akashvani or voice from the sky was heard
prophesying that Devaki's 8th son would be the destroyer of Kamsa. The
frightened Kamsa immediately unsheathed his sword to kill his sister but
Vasudeva intervened and implored Kamsa to spare his bride, and promised
to hand over every new born child to him. Kamsa relented but imprisoned
both Devaki and her husband Vasudeva.
When Devaki gave
birth to her first child, Kamsa came to the prison cell and slaughtered
the newborn. In this way, he killed the first six sons of Devaki. Even
before her 8th child was born, Devaki and Vasudeva started lamenting its
fate and theirs. Then suddenly Lord Vishnu appeared before them and
said he himself was coming to rescue them and the people of Mathura. He
asked Vasudeva to carry him to the house of his friend, the cowherd
chief Nanda in Gokula right after his birth, where Nanda's wife Yashoda
had given birth to a daughter.
He was to exchange his
boy and bring Yashoda's baby daughter back to the prison. Vishnu assured
them that "nothing shall bar your path".
At midnight on ashtami,
the divine baby was born in Kamsa's prison. Remembering the divine
instructions, Vasudeva clasped the child to his bosom and started for
Gokula, but found that his legs were in chains. He jerked his legs and
was unfettered! The massive iron-barred doors unlocked and opened up.
While
crossing river Yamuna, Vasudeva held his baby high over his head. The
rain fell in torrents and the river was in spate. But the water made way
for Vasudeva and miraculously a five-mouthed snake followed him from
behind and provided shelter over the baby.
When
Vasudeva reached Gokula, he found the door of Nanda's house open. He
exchanged the babies and hurried back to the prison of Kamsa with the
baby girl. Early in the morning, all the people at Gokula rejoiced the
birth of Nanda's beautiful male child. Vasudeva came back to Mathura and
as he entered, the doors of the prison closed themselves.
When
Kamsa came to know about the birth, he rushed inside the prison and
tried to kill the baby. But this time it skipped from his hand and
reaching the sky. She was transformed into the goddess Yogamaya, who
told Kamsa: "O foolish! What will you get by killing me? Your nemesis is
already born somewhere else."
In his youth Krishna
killed Kamsa along with all his cruel associates, liberated his parents
from prison, and reinstated Ugrasen as the King of Mathura.
"Yada Yada Hi Dharmasya Glanirva Bhavathi Bharatha Abhyuthanam Adharmasya Tadatmanam Srijami Aham" Let's celebrate the glory of Shri Krishna as he ascended to destroy the evil from the face of earth.
When we say “Krishna,” we’re talking about God. Many
people—especially outside of India—have never heard of Krishna before.
They may think Krishna is a “different God” from the one they worship.
But there’s only one Supreme Person, and Krishna is one of His names.
The name Krishna literally means “all-attractive.” So, not only is
Krishna/God all-powerful and all-knowing, He’s also the most beautiful
Person.
Why should that matter to us? We’re all parts of Krishna—as drops of
ocean water are tiny samples of the ocean. The more we know about
Krishna, the better we understand ourselves—and the easier it is to
understand what life is for.
Lord Sri Krishna Chalisa means a prayer of "forty verse", which praise
and entreat Sri Krishna with devotion. They are recited over and over
again to recall the virtues of Krishna, the Lord, in order to aid the
disciple to meditate on good and righteous qualities.
Sri krishna Chalisa Doha and Chaupai -
you can find wonderful video at the end of this post with the Sri krishna chalisa as background song.
ll Doha ll Banshi Shobhit Kar Madhur,Neel Jalad Tanu Shyam l Arun Adhar Janu Bimba Phal,Nayan Kamal Abhiraam ll Puran Indu Arvind Mukha, Pitaambar Shubha Saaj l Jai Manmohan Madan Chhavi,Krishnachandra Maharaj ll
ll Chaupai ll Jai Yadunandan Jai Jagvandan, Jai Vasudev Devki Nandan
Jai Yashoda Sut Nanda Dulaare,Jai Prabhu Bhaktan Ke Rakhavaare
Jai Natanaagar Naag Nathaiyaa, Krishna Kanhaiya Dhenu Charaiya
Puni Nakh Par Prabhu Girivar Dhaaro,Aao Deenan Kasht Nivaaro
Bansi Madhur Adhar Dhari Teri, Hove Puran Manorath Meri
Aao Hari Puni Maakhan Chaakho, Aaj Laaj Bhaktan Ki Raakho
Gol Kapol Chibuk Arunaare,Mridul Muskaan Mohini Daare
Ranjit Raajiv Nayan Vishaalaa, Mor Mukut Vaijayanti Maalaa
Kundal Shravan Peetpat Aache, Kati Kinkini Kaachhan Kaachhe
Neel Jalaj Sundar Tanu Sohe,Chhavi Lakhi Sur Nar Muni Mana Mohe
Mastak Tilak Alak Ghunghraale, Aao Shyaam Bansuri Vaale
Kari Pai Paan, Putanaahin Taaryo, Akaa Bakaa Kaaga Sur Maaryo
The International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), a religious organization that also identifies itself as The Hare Krishna Movement™, belongs to the Gaudiya-Vaishnava sampradaya, a monotheistic tradition with Vedic, or Hindu, culture.
It is based on the Bhagavad-gita, the spiritual teachings
spoken by Lord Krishna. According to tradition, this sacred text is
over 5,000 years old and documents the conversation between Lord Krishna
and his close friend and disciple Arjuna.
ISKCON traces its spiritual lineage directly to the speaker of the
sacred book, Lord Krishna, who is revered as the Supreme Personality of
Godhead. The text teaches that the goal of life is to develop love of
God, or Krishna. Love of God is realized through the practice of bhakti-yoga, the science of devotional service.
In the latter part of the 15th century, a saint named Chaitanya Mahaprabhu revitalized the bhakti-yoga tradition
by introducing an expansive spiritual movement that swept India.
Central to this renaissance was Chaitanya’s emphasis on the chanting of
Krishna’s name. Underlying this simple practice was a profound,
rational, and intellectually comprehensive theology. Hare Krishna
devotees worship Lord Chaitanya as an incarnation of Krishna for this
age, and ISKCON is a vibrant continuation of the movement Chaitanya
began.
O Govinda, wake up! O Garudadhvaja! Wake up. O Kamalakanta (i.e., the
husband of Kamala)! All the three worlds are under your rule, they have to
prosper, Wake up, my child.
May it be an auspicious dawn (morning) to Thee, O Lakshmi, the Mother of
the Worlds, the ever dweller on the chest of Vishnu ( i.e., the enemy of the
demons, madhu and Kaitabha), of attractive and divine form, the Mistress and
of the nature of granting the desired objects of those seeking refuge!
May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee, O Lakshmi of the eyes like the
lotus, of a bright face like the Moon, worshipped by the wives of Brahma,
Shankara and Indra and a treasure of compassion. You have an endearing
attachment to your devotees.
Having worshipped the morning twilight (i.e., having said the morning
prayer, namely, the sandhyavandana) the seven sages like Arti, bringing the
beautiful lotuses from the Divine Ganges, have arrived to worship Thy feet.
Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee?
The breeze, carrying the wonderful fragrance of the partly opened
lotuses and the beautiful ears of the trees like the Areca and Coconut, is
gently blowing. Lord of Seshachala! May it be an auspicious dawn to Thee.
The parrots, kept for pleasure in the foremost cages, opening their
eyes, are graciously singing, after eating the remains of the plantain
fruits and the payasam in the vessels. Lord Seshachala! May it be an
auspicious dawn to Thee?
Ayarpadi, ladies are singing their sweet melodies as they are churning
butter. They announce the day-dawn. Get up, oh Govinda! Bless these
endearing Gopis.
The humming black bees seem to sing that they are far more attractive
than the black 'Kuvali' flowers from which they draw honey. All the three of
you namely, bees, flowers and Your Holy Self form a holy Trinity in color
and splendor.
To understand the meaning of the Geetha, the
reverential approach is necessary. You must
take up its study in an attitude of submission
and expectancy. For the Geetha is the “milk” of the
Upanishads, “drawn” by the Cowherd Krishna with the help
of Arjuna, “the calf,” for all the “dull-witted” to drink and
draw sustenance from.
There are some who argue that the
Geetha as a sacred poem was a creation later than the
Mahabharatha, of which it is a part; but whatever may be
said of the composition of the Geetha, there is no doubt
that the principles and teachings of the Geetha are ancient,
nay, dateless. In the first three slokas of the fourth chapter,
reference is made to the Lord instructing the Geetha to Surya
(Sun) first and later to Manu; and to the fact that from Manu
it reached Ikshvaku and thence to others in succession! So
the Geetha is beyond the category of time and it cannot be
assigned to a particular point of time, past or present.
The Geetha is a text for spiritual practitioners, for it
emphasises sadhana (spiritual discipline), and spiritual
attitudes, more than anything else. Every chapter lays down
means and methods of reaching the goal of peace and
harmony. Now sadhana is the product of keen and steady
yearning for progress. The aspirant must aspire, not despair.
He must persevere, not clamour for quick success.
The
Geetha is as a boat, which takes man across from the selfimposed
state of bondage to the freedom which is his nature.
He is taken from darkness to Light, from lustrelessness to
Splendour. The Geetha ordains for man disciplines and
duties which are free from the taints of Vasanas (tendencies
and impulses) that tie him to the relentless wheel of birth
and death.
Really speaking, man has come into this Karmakshetra
(Field of Activity) only to engage himself in activity, not in
order to earn the fruit of such activity. That is the teaching
of the Geetha, its fundamental lesson. The Geetha is the
quintessence of the meaning of all the Vedas, Yajnas and
Yagas (offerings for the glory of God).
The outward-directed
activities are mentioned in the preliminary portions of the
Vedas. Activities of the mind, like the Upasanas, which are
directed inward are mentioned later. Jnana Yoga too is
expounded to minds thus clarified and purified.
Read Bhaghavad Geetha - 1 SLOKA - A DAY Understand - Read - Explain to your friends and dear ones
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